During EDM machining, the copper electrode and the workpiece are respectively connected to the two poles of the pulse power supply. The pulse voltage applied to the copper electrode and the workpiece generates spark discharge. The instantaneous temperature of the discharge can be as high as 10,000 degrees Celsius, and the high temperature makes the surface of the workpiece partially vaporized or melted.
Aluminum parts and aluminum cavity parts are deformed during CNC machining. In addition to the reasons in the previous section, in actual operation, the method of operation is also very important.
According to the material, structural characteristics and technical requirements of the impeller, the CNC machining plan is analyzed and studied, including the machining process, technical difficulties and technical measures taken. It is recommended to add required process fixture bosses at one end of the impeller, and design and develop a special fixture mold to meet the requirements of impeller processing.
The development of three-dimensional design software provides conditions for low-cost, short-period, and design of positioning fixtures. And it can simulate CNC machining parts for verification. Figure 1 shows a typical metal part with an angle of 45° to the YZ and ZX planes:
Nowadays, automobile molds have higher and higher requirements for mold surface quality and cutting speed. The best milling state can be achieved when the five-axis CNC system is used to process a plane with three-dimensional curves. The setting angle of the tool axis can be changed at any position in the machining area of the machine tool to process different geometric shapes.
5-axis CNC machining method and machine tool. As early as the 1960s, the foreign aviation industry had begun to use it in order to process some large workpieces with continuous smooth and complex free-form surfaces, but it has not been widely used in more industries. Only in the past 10 years has there been rapid development. The main reason is that there are many difficulties in five-axis machining, such as:
Complex contours appear in tool and mold manufacturing, and are mass-produced products. Before the emergence of CNC machine tools, forging dies and dies used in the automotive industry were mainly manufactured by hand. After the 1970s, CNC machine tools have been widely used in tool and mold manufacturing. The basic contours of complex profiles are usually processed by milling, and the surrounding CNC machine tools are initially set to three-axis linkage.
The high-performance 5-axis CNC milling machining center, the CNC system has the space coordinate system rotation and the inclined tool compensation function, which provides the possibility for the machining of some parts that require inclined surface machining and high machining accuracy. When machining on an inclined plane, it is difficult to compile a machining program because the coordinate system changes in space.
Using multiple tools on the machining center machine tool can process all five or six sides of a complex bar workpiece. Its transmission efficiency is significantly higher than that of lathes with additional drive tools. 5-axis milling of bar stock is also economical when machining very small batches of workpieces.
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